Hubungan Pola Pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI terhadap Pertumbuhan Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya

Relationship Between Breastfeeding Patterns And Complementary Feeding On The Growth Of Children Aged 6-24 Months In The Work Area Of The Harapan Raya Public Health Center

Abstract

Masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang pesat disebut sebagai periode emas sekaligus periode kritis terjadi pada usia 6-24 bulan. Secara nasional, cakupan balita usia 0-23 bulan dengan gizi buruk pada tahun 2018 sebesar 3,8%, sedangkan balita gizi kurang sebesar 11,4%. Cakupan balita dengan status gizi kurang di Kota Pekanbaru pada tahun 2019 sebanyak 587 jiwa. Pada tahun 2020, prevalensi balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya dengan status balita gizi kurang sebanyak 77 jiwa (3,1%). Tujuan penelitian ini secara umum untuk mengetahui hubungan pola pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI terhadap pertumbuhan. Jenis penelitian ini Analitik Kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya pada bulan Agustus 2021. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anak usia 6-24 bulan yang berada di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pola pemberian ASI (frekuensi, durasi, jarak waktu, waktu pemberian, dan cara menyusui) dan pola pemberian MP-ASI (usia, jenis, frekuensi, porsi, dan cara pemberian) dengan pertumbuhan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan pola pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI dengan pertumbuhan anak usia 6-24 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya Tahun 2021. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan dan sebagai bahan masukan bagi petugas kesehatan untuk lebih menyebarluaskan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai hal-hal seputar pertumbuhan, pola pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI yang baik bagi anak seperti pelatihan membuat MP-ASI dan memberikan edukasi kepada ibu.

The period of rapid growth and development is referred to as the golden
period and a critical period occurs at the age of 6-24 months. Nationally, the
coverage of under-fives aged 0-23 months with severe malnutrition in 2018 was
3.8%, while under-fives with malnutrition were 11.4%. The coverage of children
under five with poor nutritional status in Pekanbaru City in 2019 was 587
people. In 2020, the prevalence of children under five in the Harapan Raya
Community Health Center working area with under-five nutritional status was 77
people (3.1%). The purpose of this study in general was to determine the
relationship between breastfeeding and complementary feeding patterns on
growth. This type of research is quantitative analysis with a cross sectional
research design. The research was conducted in the Harapan Raya Health
Center Working Area in August 2021. The research population was all children
aged 6-24 months who were in the Harapan Raya Health Center Work Area and
the research sample was 100 respondents. The sampling technique used was
Cluster Random Sampling. Analysis of the data used is univariate and bivariate
analysis with Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship
between breastfeeding patterns (frequency, duration, time interval, timing of
feeding, and breastfeeding methods) and complementary feeding patterns (age,
type, frequency, portion, and mode of administration) with growth. From the
results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the
pattern of breastfeeding and complementary feeding with the growth of children
aged 6-24 months in the Harapan Raya Health Center Work Area in 2021. The
results of this study are expected to increase knowledge and as input for health
workers to further disseminate information. to the community about matters
related to growth, good breastfeeding and complementary feeding patterns for
children such as training to make MP-ASI and providing education to mothers.